* 850 interviews completed, face-to-face, with adults aged 16+
across 55 localities within Jammu and Kashmir.
* Fieldwork carried out between 18-29 April 2002.
* Quotas set by gender and religion, according to the known
population profile of the region.
* Data are unweighted.
* An asterisk (*) denotes a figure of less than 0.5% but greater
than zero.
* Where percentages do not sum to 100%, this is because of computer
rounding or multiple responses.
* The base for each question is all respondents interviewed
(850) unless otherwise stated.
I am conducting a survey for a non-governmental orgranisation about the political situation in Jammu and Kashmir and how to find a long-lasting political solution, and I would like to ask you a few questions.
Q1. Thinking about the violence over the last 10 years do you think Kashmir is now closer to reaching a long-lasting political solution, is it now further from reaching a long-lasting political solution, or has there been no real change over the last 10 years?
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| Closer to a long-lasting political solution |
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| Further from a long-lasting political solution |
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| No real change |
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| Don't know |
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Q2. Overall, has Pakistan's involvement in Jammu and Kashmir over the past 10 years been good for the region, bad for the region, or made no real difference?
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| Good |
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| Bad |
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| No real difference |
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| Don't know |
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Q3. Do you think Pakistan's involvement in Jammu and Kashmir is or is not...
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| (a)...Sincere and based on genuine concern for Kashmiris |
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| (b)...Based on territorial ambition |
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| (c)....Based on religious affinity due to the Muslim character of the valley |
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| Helpful to the Kashmir cause |
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| Damaging to the Kashmir cause |
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| Neither particularly helpful nor damaging |
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| Don't know |
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Q5. Do you think human rights violations by Indian security forces in Jammu and Kashmir are widespread, occasional, or non-existent?
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| Widespread |
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| Occasional |
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| Non-existent |
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| Don't know |
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Q6. And do you think human rights violations by militant groups in Jammu and Kashmir are widespread, occasional, or non-existent?
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| Widespread |
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| Occasional |
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| Non-existent |
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| Don't know |
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Q7. From where do you think the militants in Jammu and Kashmir receive their weapons training and financial resources? Is it...
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| ...From within Jammu and Kashmir |
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| From Pakistan |
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| Or From somewhere else |
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| Includes: United Arab Emirates |
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| Afghanistan |
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| Other countries (unspecified) |
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| America |
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| Iran |
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| Don't know/Can't say |
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| Don't know |
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Q8. On balance, do you agree or disagree with each of these statements about Jammu and Kashmir?
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The correct way to bring about peace to the region is through democratic elections |
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It is not possible to hold democratic elections while violence continues |
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India and Pakistan should go to war in order to find a permanent solution to the situation in Kashmir |
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A new political party is needed to bring about a permanent solution in Kashmir |
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The unique cultural identity of Jammu and Kashmir-Kashmiryat-should be preserved in any long-term solution |
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Q9. I am going to read out some proposals. Please tell me whether you think each one will or will not help to bring peace to the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
| Will | Will Not | Don't Know | |||
| a) | The holding of free and fair elections to
elect the people's representatives |
% |
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| b) | Direct consultation between the Indian government
and the people of Kashmir |
% |
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| c) | People in Jammu and Kashmir having the freedom to travel
in both directions across the Line of Control |
% |
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| d) | Displaced Kashmiri Pandits being allowed
to return to their homes |
% |
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| e) | People from outside of Kashmir being encouraged
to invest in the area to help rebuild Kashmir's economy and tourist industry |
% |
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| f) | Security forces scaling down their operations in J&K | % |
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| g) | An end to militant violence in the region | % |
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| h) | Economic development of the region to provide more job opportunities and a reduction in poverty | % |
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| i) | The banning of television, beauty parlours and cinemas | % |
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| j) | Stopping infiltration of militants across the Line of Control | % |
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Q.10. Do you think Indo-Pakistani dialogue on Kashmir can lead to a positive outcome if held immediately, only when cross-border terrorism ends, or not at all?
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| Immediately |
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| Only when cross-border terrorism ends |
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| Not at all |
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| Don't know |
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Q.11. On balance, do you support or oppose each of the following proposals to help lead to a long-term solution to the political situation in Kashmir?
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| a) | India and Pakistan should grant
as much autonomy as they can to both sides of Kashmir to govern their own affairs |
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| b) | The borders between Pakistan-controlled Kashmir and Indian Kashmir should be opened for much more trade and cultural exchange |
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| c) | There should be a forum in which Kashmiris from both sides of the Line of Control can discuss common interests |
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| d) | The state of Jammu and Kashmir should be divided on the basis of religion or ethnic group |
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Q.12. On balance, do you support or oppose each of the following organisations?
| Political Parties | Support | Oppose | Don't Know | ||
| a) | National Conference |
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| b) | Congress |
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| c) | Communist Party of India
(Marxist)/CPM |
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| d) | Bhartiya Janata Party/BJP |
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| e) | People's Democratic Party/PDP |
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| f) | Radical Groups
All Party Hurriyat Conference/APHC |
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| g) | Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom
Party/JKDFP |
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| h) | Militant Groups
Hizbul Mujahideen |
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| i) | Any foreign militant groups (e.g. Lashkar-e
e-Taiba, Jaish-e-Mohammad) |
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Q.13. Do you think you would be better off politically and economically as an Indian citizen or as a Pakistani citizen?
| Indian Citizen |
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| Pakistani Citizen |
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| Don't Know |
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DEMOGRAPHICS
QA Gender
| Male |
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| Female |
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QB What was your age at your last birthday?
| 16-24 |
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| 24-34 |
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| 35-44 |
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| 45-54 |
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| 55-64 |
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| 65+ |
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QC What is the highest level of education you have achieved?
| None/Illiterate |
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| Primary School |
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| Secondary school/high school certificate |
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| Some college education, but not graduate |
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| Graduate/post-graduate |
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| Don't know |
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Q.D Type of work
| Working: | |
| Unskilled worker/Labourer |
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| Skilled worker |
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| Petty trader/Sole trader |
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| Businessman/Industrialist/Professional |
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| Not working: | |
| Unemployed |
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| Housewife |
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| Retired |
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| In full-time education |
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| Other |
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Q.E In what industry do/did you work?
Base: All working or retired (448)
| Agriculture/Farming |
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| Education |
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| Government Employee |
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| Health/Medicine |
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| Law |
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| Manufacturing (e.g. factories) |
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| Retail (e.g. shops) |
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| Tourism (e.g. hotels, restaurants) |
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| Transport |
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| Cottage Industries |
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| Other |
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Religion
| Muslim |
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| Buddhist |
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| Hindu |
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| Christian |
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| Sikh |
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Town/region
| Srinagar City |
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| Jammu City |
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| Leh |
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| Rural (Srinagar) |
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| Rural (Jammu) |
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